Analysis of the application and combination rules of Sanyinjiao (SP 6) based on data mining / 国际中医中药杂志

Objective:To analyze the application and regularity of acupoint selection of Sanyinjiao (SP 6) based on data mining.Methods:Search for literatures in CNKI, Wanfang, VIP, and Pubmed, the clinical researches of acupuncture on Sanyinjiao (SP 6) point were selected, according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, and the retrieval period was from database construction to September 30th, 2021. Excel 2016, SPSS Statistics 25.0, SPSS Modeler 18.0 were used to perform descriptive analysis, association analysis and cluster analysis.Results:After literature screening, a total of 261 literatures were included, involving 73 kinds of diseases, mainly including mental and behavioral disorders, genitourinary diseases, endocrine and nutritional metabolism diseases and nervous system diseases. The most frequently used acupoints in Sanyinjiao (SP 6) compatibility are Zusanli (ST 36), Baihui (GV 20), Guanyuan (CV 4) and Taichong (LR 3), most of which focus on stomach meridian, conception channel, governor channel and bladder meridian. Seven categories were extracted among high-frequency acupoints by cluster analysis. The association rule analysis showed that the commonly used combination of Sanyinjiao (SP 6) were Zusanli (ST 36)-Sanyinjiao (SP 6), Baihui (GV 20)-Sanyinjiao (SP 6), and Guanyuan (CV 4)-Sanyinjiao (SP 6).Conclusions:Sanyinjiao (SP 6) is widely used in clinical application, and it is always compatible with stomach meridian, conception vessel, governor channel acupoints, especially those acupoints on the outer and inner meridians and the upper and lower parts. Sanyinjiao (SP 6) combined with other acupoints can treat diseases of multiple systems, such as insomnia, stroke, anxiety and depression, dysmenorrhea, infertility, etc. Clustering and association analysis found the core compatibility law of Sanyinjiao (SP 6), which can be used as a reference for clinical acupoint selection.

"The experience and thinking of the standardized training of resident in the mode of""social beings""" / 中华医学教育探索杂志

'Social beings' model of standardized training program for residents in Shanghai is one of the important measures in the health care reform. According to the requirements of the standardized training of residents in thoracic surgery, the article preliminarily explored the standardized training model for residents from four aspects such as individualized treatment of different professional backgrounds, focus-ing on the training needs of residents with different starting point of social beings, developing training programs for different training time and combining the master's degree graduate education. And based on the characteristics of thoracic surgery, it also summed up the past experience and explored the clinical practice teaching.

Application of nutrition gastrostomy in the retrosternal route for esophageal reconstruction after operation / 中国肿瘤临床

Objective:Esophageal cancer has high morbidity in China, and surgery is the main treatment for this disease. Postop-erative nutrition is also important for the patients. In this article, we discuss the possibility of retrosternal route gastrostomy feeding (RGF). Methods: The data of 127 esophageal cancer patients between 2011 and 2013 were retrospectively analyzed. RGF was per-formed in all the patients, and post-operation complications were studied. Results: Bowel obstruction, catheter displacement, and wound infection did not occur. Conclusion:RGF is a safe and effective nutrition method for patients who underwent retrosternal recon-struction.

The degradation performance of chitin short fiber reinforced polycaprolactone composite in vitro / 生物医学工程学杂志

We have investigated the degradation of pure Polycaprolactone (PurePCL) and chitin short fiber reinforced Polycaprolactone composite (SFRP) in vitro in order to provide useful scientific basis for clinical application. PurePCL, SFRP and DL-PLA were immersed in 0.9% NaCL solution for periods of 2, 4, 8, 12, 16 and 24 weeks. Then pH values in immersing solution, weight loss and mechanical properties of tested materials were measured and SEM was used to study the change of the materials in the process of degradation. It was shown that the initial strength of SFRP was much higher than that of PurePCL. In the process of degradation of SFRP, the pH values maintained weak acid or remianed neutral. The rate of weight loss of SFRP was faster than that of PurePCL, but slower than that of DL-PLA. The strength and modulus of SFRP did not change much in 24 weeks, compared with the initial ones. In conclusion, the composites have excellent properties and may be optimal for clinical use in reconstruction of chest wall defects as well as in internal fixation of bone fracture.

Worldwide trends in epidemiology and control of tuberculosis / 第二军医大学学报

Tuberculosis (TB) is a global burden disease and is being resurrected as a major worldwide public health problem after two decades of neglect.In 1993,the World Health Organization (WHO) declared that TB had been a global emergency because of the scale of the epidemic and the urgent need to improve global tuberculosis control.China is one of the countries with the largest population,and also the top of the 22 TB high-burden countries in the world.In the United States,the longstanding downward trend in TB incidence was interrupted in the mid-to-late 1980s,where the national TB incidence peaked in 1992.Sub-Saharan Africa is one of the three regions to dominate the worldwide distribution of notified TB cases.Of the 15 countries with the highest estimated tuberculosis incidence rates in the world,13 are in sub-Saharan Africa,where HIV is the most important single predictor of tuberculosis incidence.The largest share of the global burden of HIV-related tuberculosis falls on this region.The reasons for the persisting global tuberculosis burden include increased poverty in some regions,immigration from countries with high tuberculosis prevalence,the impact of HIV,and most importantly,the failure to maintain the necessary public health infrastructure under the mistaken belief that tuberculosis was a problem of the past.Relying on currently available methods of diagnosis and treatment,the DOT strategy promoted by the WHO for global tuberculosis control is effective,affordable,and adaptable in different settings.

Preparation and biological evaluation of Chitin short fiber reinforced polycaprolactone composite / 生物医学工程学杂志

Chitin short fiber reinforced polycaprolactone composite was prepared by melting blending method. The cytotoxicity and biocompatibility of pure polycaprolactone and of chitin short fiber reinforced polycaprolactone composite were investigated in order to provide useful scientific basis for clinical application. The biocompatibility of pure polycaprolactone and that of chitin short fiber reinforced polycaprolactone composite were evaluated by a series of tests, including cytotoxicity test in vitro, acute systemic toxicity test, hemolysis test, pyrogen test and sensitivity test. The results showed that the cytotoxicity scores of the two materials were grade 0 and the growth and proliferation of the cultured cells were not significantly inhibited by the two materials. There were no potential allergic materials in the composites and the maceration extract showed no hemolytic reaction, no acute systemic toxicity and no pyrogen reaction. We conclude that the composites have fine biocompatibility and are safe for clinical use in the reconstruction treatment for chest wall defect.

Clinical study on the metastatic patterns of lymph node in lung cancer / 中国肺癌杂志

<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>To investigate the relationship between the size of primary tumor, pathologic classification, cell differentiation or location of tumor and lymph node metastasis in lung cancer.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Three hundred and thirty-two patients with lung cancer underwent pulmonectomy plus extensive dissection of hilar and mediastinal nodes. The law of lymph node metastasis was analyzed.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>A total of 3 280 lymph nodes were removed. Metastatic rates of N1 and N2 were 29.9% and 22.4% respectively. The total lymph node metastatic rates of T1, T2, and T3 diseases were 8.5%, 27.4% and 61.2% respectively ( P < 0.005). No lymphatic metastasis was observed in well-differentiated squamous cell carcinoma, however, the lymph node metastatic rates in moderate- and poor-differentiated squamous cell carcinoma were 16.8% and 19.6% respectively. The lymph node metastatic rates were 27.5% and 71.6% in moderate- and poor-differentiated adenocarcinoma respectively ( P < 0.005). The total lymph node metastatic rates in central and peripheral squamous cell carcinoma were 19.6% and 11.7% respectively ( P < 0.005), while in adenocarcinoma, the rates were 57.9% and 24.0% respectively ( P < 0.005). The N2 metastatic rates in central and peripheral squamous cell carcinoma were 10.9% and 2.9% respectively ( P < 0.005), while in adenocarcinoma, the rates were 47.5% and 17.8% respectively ( P < 0.005 ). Under the same T status, cell differentiation or location of tumor, the metastatic rate of adenocarcinoma was much higher than that of squamous cell carcinoma ( P < 0.005 ).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The frequency of lymph node metastasis significantly correlate with size of primary tumor, pathological classification, cell differentiation and location of tumor.</p>

Experimental study in vitro on toxicology and cytocompatibility of collagen/hydroxylapatite (CHA) composite material as part of tracheal prosthesis / 生物医学工程学杂志

Cytotoxicity and cytocompatibility remains the principal theme for biomaterials application in medicine. The purpose of this study was to investigate the cytotoxicity and cytocompatibility of collagen/hydroxyapatite(CHA) composite material in vitro in order to provide useful scientific basis for clinical use. Cellular cultivation in vitro and MTT assay were conducted for evaluating the composite material's influence on the morphology, growth and proliferation of cultured cell(L-929 cell). The hemolysis test was also performed for evaluating the impact on the function and metabolism of erythrocyte. These results demonstrated that the CHA composite material had no cytotoxicity and no hemolytic effect, and it might not be harmful to the morphology of the L-929 cell. The growth and proliferation of the L-929 cell could not be inhibited significantly. The cytotoxicity score of the composite material was grade 0. The hemolysis rate was 1.85%. In conclusion, collagen/hydroxyapatite (CHA) composite material might have good cytocompatibility and be safe for clinical use.

Effect of surgical treatment of primary cardiac and esophageal carcinoma of remnant stomach / 中华胸心血管外科杂志

Objective To report the surgical treatment results of cardiac and esophageal cancer of remnant stomach. Methods From 1980 to 2002, 30 patients with cardiac and esophageal cancer of remnant stomach were treated surgically. Results Primary cardiac and esophageal carcinoma of remnant stomach developed in male patients more than females. Of 30 patients, 21(70%) underwent subtotal gastrectomy with Billroth II reconstruction at first time. The mean interval between two operations was 13.5 years. Clinical symptoms frequently included abdominal distension, pain and hemorrhage. Thirty patients received radical resection. Conclusion Cancer in remnant stomach should be suspected in patients undergoing subtotal gastrectomy 5 years and over have clinical symptoms of upper gastrointestinal tract. Early diagnose and early curative resection should be done. For cardiac cancer of remnant stomach, total gastrectomy with “P” loops and Roux-en-Y esophagojejunostomy reconstruction were recommended. This procedure have advantage in retaining enough food storage preventing reflux esophagitis and allowing resection of esophagus long enough to avoid cancer remnant. For esophageal cancer of remnant stomach, colon reconstruction after the resection of esophageal cancer is recommended.

Experimental reconstruction of cervical tracheal defects with a new type of tracheal prosthesis / 中华胸心血管外科杂志

Objective: To investigate the feasibility of tracheal prosthesis made from biomaterials in the replacement of the circumferential tracheal defects. Methods: Surgical resection and replacement of the cervical trachea with different prosthesis was performed in 16 mongrel dogs. Bronchoscopic, roentgenographic, macroscopic and histopathologic examinations were employed to evaluate the efficacy of the tracheal substitutes. Results: In group A (with type-I prosthesis, n=8), one dog died from prosthetic dehiscence on 96th days postimplantation, another one died from anastomotic leakage caused by severe infection in cervical incision on postoperative 45th days. The other 6 of group A had uneventful postoperative courses and did not show any respiratory symptoms. Tracheal prostheses were completely healed with the recipient's trachea and combined in its integrity. Varied degrees of epithelial lining were observed to have formed near both the anastomotic ends. In addition, many scattered and varied sizes of neo-ossification substances were found at the sites surrounding implanted prostheses. In group B ( type-II prosthesis ,n=4), dehiscence and dislocation of implanted prostheses often occurred with time after operation, which inevitably resulted in severe and fatal postoperative complications .In group C (type-III prosthesis, n=4), all 4 dogs died within 28 days after operation. The leading causes of death were mesh exposure, collapse, infection and air leakage from implanted prosthesis itself. Conclusion: Type-I tracheal prosthesis is a suitable alternative method in reconstruction of tracheal defects, which appears very promising for the clinical application, with further improvements in promoting the epitheli alization completely.

The application of standardized patients in cardiothoracic surgery teaching / 中华医学教育探索杂志

The mode of using standardized patients has been applied in cardiothoracic surgery teaching to assess students efficiency.It alleviates the conflict of the shortage of resource for clinical teaching and improves the quality of teaching and achieves good results.

Replacing dog cervical esophagus with polyurethane stent covered with collagen-chitosan sponge / 第二军医大学学报

Objective: To replace esophageal defects with artificially composed biodegradable materials and non-biodegradable materials. Met hods: A two-layered tube consisting of a collagen-chitosan sponge and an inner polyurethane stent was used to replace 5 cm esophageal segmental defect s in 15 dogs. The inner polyurethane stent was removed endoscopically at weekly intervals from 2 or 4 weeks. Results: Partial regeneration of es ophageal epithelia was observed in 5 dogs at week 2, and progressing constricti on occurred and the dogs became unable to swallow within 1 month. In the 10 dog s that the polyurethane stent was removed at week 4, regenerated esophageal tiss ue successfully replaced the defects, and complete epithelization was observed 1 month after surgery. Complete regeneration of esophageal mucosa structures, inc luding mucosal smooth muscle and mucosal glands were observed 3 months after surgery, and partial regeneration of esophageal muscle tissue was also observed 6 months after surgery. Conclusion: Our artificial prosthesis i n reconstruction of the cervical esophagus segment in dogs is feasible. Through temporary polyurethane tube, collagen-chitosan sponge provides a three-dimensi onal structure suitable for the regeneration and sufficient degradation time for the complete regeneration of esophagus.

Etiological analysis and intervention of postoperative respiratory failure in patients with lung cancer / 解放军医学杂志

Objective To explore the causes,prevention and treatment of postoperative respiratory failure in patients with lung cancer.Methods The clinical data of 659 patients,admitted in Changzheng Hospital from Jan.2000 to Dec.2006,with lung cancer and suffered from postoperative respiratory failure were analyzed retrospectively.Preoperative lung function,past medical history,the etiology and preventive procedures,and the treatment methods for postoperative respiratory failure were also reviewed.Results Postoperative respiratory failure was occurred in 42 of 659 cases,the incidence was 6.4%,and all the 42 cases occurred in 1 to 5 days after operation.The major etiopathogenisis of postoperative respiratory failure included respiratory infection,bronchial asthma,operative wound,postoperative incision pain,preoperative cardiopulmonary dysfunction,etc.The respiratory failure was controlled in 37 of the 42 cases by mechanical ventilation and symptomatic treatment.Two cases died of multiple organ failure,another 2 cases died of respiratory distress syndrome and 1 case died of severe respiratory tract infection,the mortality was 11.9%.The preoperative lung function indexes of patients with postoperative respiratory failure were significantly lower than that of those patients without postoperative respiratory failure(P

Segmental mastectomy plus axialla dissection for early stage breast cancer / 中国普通外科杂志

Objective To evaluate the clinic effect of local resection plus axialla lympha nodes dissection on treating early stage breast cancer. Methods 112 cases of early stage breast cancer in PLA309 Hospital were divided into 2 groups: local resection plus axially dissection group (46 cases) and Halsted's operation group (66 cases). The survival rate,local recurrence rate,metastasis rate, and casmetic effect of breast were followed up for long time. Results In treatment group, the 3,5,8 years survival rates were 97.8%, 80.5%, 76.1% respectively. In control group 3,5,8 years survival rates were 97.0%, 87.9% and 71.2% respectively. The rate of local recurrence was 4.3% in treatment group and 4.6% in control group.The metastasis rate in treatment group was 19.6%, in control group was 16.7%. 93.2% of patients in treatment group kept good breast figure. Conclusions Local resection plus axially dissection, with the same effect as Halsted procedure, is an ideal method in treating early stage breast cancer.

APPLICATION OF HYPERTHERMIC PERITONEAL PERFUSION AND INTRAARTERIAL INFUSION CHEMOTHERPY IN GASTRIC CANCER / 解放军医学杂志

To study the treatment of peritoneal and hepatic recurrence of advanced gastric carcinoma after operation, 218 patients were divided into treatment group and control group.Treatment group: (hyperthemic peritoneal perfusion and intraarterial infusion chemotherapy)126 cases. Control group (peripleral veins): 92 cases. The peritoneal and hepatic recurrence and 3 year survival rate of each group were analyzed. The peritoneal and hepatic recurrence and 3 year survival rate in treatment group were 27%, 12 7% and 69 5%. and were 44 5%, 26 1% and 47 8% in control group. Hyperthermic peritoneal perfusion and intraarterial infusion chemotherapy are effective in control of the recurrence of advanced gastric cancer after operatin.

EFFECTS OF CALCIUM CONCENTRATION IN DIALYSATE ON QT INTERVAL AND QT INTERVAL DISPERSION DURING HEMODIALYSIS / 解放军医学杂志

To investigate the effect of calcium concentration in dialysate on the QT interval (QT) and QT interval dispersion (QTd) during hemodialysis(HD) in patients with end stage renal disease (ESRD), Ca 2+ concentrations of 1 25mmol/L (dCa 2+ 1 25), 1 5mmol/L (dCa 2+ 1 5) and 1 75mmol/L (dCa 2+ 1 75) in dialysate were given to 15 ESRD patients for five times. The QT and QTd were measured before and after the five HD sessions. The results showed: With the dCa 2+ 1 25 HD, serum Ca 2+ and plasma calcium were decreased (1 22?0 08 vs 1 17?0 07 mmol/L and 2 43?0 34 vs 2 28?0 16mmol/L, P 0 05). The changes in the QT correlated inversely with the changes in serum Ca 2+ and plasma calcium ( P

A comparison of 2 kinds of hydroxyapatite/collagen composites as tissue engineering scaffold / 第二军医大学学报

Objective:To prepare 2 composites using different proportions of hydroxyapatite and collagen and to assess their structural and biological properties, so as to pave a way for preparing tissue engineering chest wall scaffold.Methods: Two kinds of hydroxyapatite/collagen composites were prepared according to the weight ratios of 11 and 12; collagen sponge served as control. Then the structures of the 2 composites and the collagen sponge were observed under SEM. In vivo study was conducted to assess the biocompatibility and biodegradation of the composites by gross inspection and histological examination. Results: The collagen sponge had a 3-D network structure with fluey collagen fibers and poor mechanical strength, and its structure was damaged within 2 weeks after implantation and was completely absorbed 4 weeks later. The hydroxyapatite and collagen were well mixed in the composite with a hydroxyapatite to collagen ratio of 12; the composite had homogeneous 3-D porous structure (size of the pore being 100-400 m) and showed good biocompatibility: maintained its porous structure 4 weeks after implantation and was absorbed within 8 weeks. In composite with hydroxyapatite to collagen ratio of 11, the hydroxyapatite particles were separated from collagen fiber and conglomerated into masses, and the composite resulted in severe tissue reaction after implantation.Conclusion: When mixed with a reasonable proportion of hydroxyapatite, the collagen sponge has improved structure, biodegradable performance, and biocompatibility; the composite may be a novel scaffold for tissue engineering chest wall reconstruction.